• Personnel from the oil, fuel, biofuel, additive and auto industries
• Refinery technical personnel
• Planning and scheduling specialists
• Trading and blending personnel
• Laboratory supervisors and technical personnel
• Regulatory personnel, policymakers, legislators
• Sales, marketing and product trading personnel
• Young engineers

Upon completion of the course you will improve the efficiency of your organisation by:

• Having a clear overview of the processing background and how white and black products are produced and blended
• Understanding of fundamentals of engine operation and emissions and the importance of fuels in maintaining a good operation
• Understanding the importance of specifications, their limitations and how to ensure that the product is fit for purpose
• Understanding how additives are selected and used to meet the specifications for different products and different markets
• The interpretation of the laboratory results

• The morning session (09:00-12:15) will consist of theory, basic principals and background.
• The afternoon session (13:00-16:30) will cover case studies. The interaction and discussion will be encouraged.
• The course is designed for a maximum of 15 participants, minimum is not set
• Prerequisite knowledge – basic to intermediate
• The course language is English

• Presentation with case studies and references
• Certificate
• Free consulting service in the scope of the course for all participants for six months after finishing the course

Online course

1.390 € for the 3-day course per participant

• The fee covers trainer fees, training materials and completion certificate

Group Discount

• We offer a discount of 20% for three or more participants from the same company.

Early-bird fee
1.190 € for the 3-day course per participant

• The discount is available for registration 20 days before starting date of the course

Day1

• Introduction – energy outlook and demand
• Energy sources
• Classification of fuels
• Basic fuel chemistry
• Alternative fuels
• Impact of crude oil quality on the quality of finished products
• Introduction to fuel specifications
• Primary and secondary importance properties
• Specification differences (EU, USA, Middle East,
Asia…)
• Introduction to fuel blending
• Blending technology – tank blending, in-line ratio
control blending, in-line property blending
• Cost of blend correction
• Case study and group discussion – specifications
and laboratory data – precision and dispute solving

Day 2

• Motor gasoline – introduction
• Gasoline specifications, general and specific
• Specifications – key quality elements (volatility,
octane number, aromatics, oxygen content)
• Blending principles
• Concept of linear and non-linear blending
• Blending components – production and
characteristics
• Oxygenates
• Bio-component blending
• Additives and additives’ selection
• Case study and group discussion – blending
recipes, quality giveaway, linear and non-linear
property calculation, bonuses, blending
economics

Day3

• Diesel fuel – introduction
• Diesel fuel – specifications, general and specific
• Specifications – key quality elements – density,
cetane number, winter cold flow properties
• Blending components – production and
characteristics
• Technology background
• Bio-component blending
• Additives – role and selection
• Refinery and market additives
• Additives’ selection process
• Cold flow properties – operability of diesel fuel
and what is really on the market
• Additive compatibility – specific tests
• Case study and group discussion – additive
selection process and compatibility of additives
• Marine fuels – classification, specification and production
• Blending stability
• Storage, distribution and handling of finished products
• Course summary and discussion

PDL-1 Refining Processing and Blending Course
PDL-5 Gasoline – Technology, Specifications, Blending, Economics, Testing
PDL-6 Diesel Fuel – Technology, Specifcations, Blending, Additive selection, Economics, Testing
PDL-7 Product Quality Improvement – Fuel Additives and Additive Selection Course